Jamie writes:
[quoting Stephen] Many religions, cults, etc. are designed - or, more accurately, have evolved - to be intellectual black holes. They encourage self-sealing patterns of thought which effectively lock you inside. Get sucked in, it's almost impossible to reason your way out again.
If what I'm saying is true -- that the worldview (intellectual humanism or whatever) in which you are operating is a religion/cult/philosophical-system -- then you, by your own definition, are in an intellectual black hole. You have a self-sealing pattern of thought which locks you in. You can't see that what I'm saying is true, just like I can't see that what you are saying is true. You are a true believer.
To answer your question, religion can be defined as "a pursuit or interest to which someone ascribes supreme importance", which doesn't necessarily mean "worship" in the liturgical sense. And it seems to me that you ascribe supreme importance to logic and reasonableness. For better or worse, I would say that I use reason and logic as a tool (though perhaps I don't use it well!), but I ascribe supreme importance only to God/Jesus. I think Rev. Dr. Incitatus got the point I was trying to make in his post on your page.
I get the sense that our dialogue is coming to a close. Thank you again for being so generous with your time. I hope that my perspective has given you blog fodder or arguments for your book if nothing else. I really do appreciate your thoughts and have already ordered one of your books.
--jamie
Stephen now quickly responds:
Jamie, I don't say reason is of supreme importance. I think it very important, but other things are at least as important, such as compassion, morality, etc. etc.
So, even by your revised definition, reason is still not my religion. Nice try though!
As for your suggestion that I am the one in the intellectual black hole (which I sort of predicted you'd say, of course), well, let's go step at a time.
We both agree that reason is important (if not of supreme importance) and agree it is a very useful tool for getting at the truth, right?
Yet you insist on not applying reason to a specific subset of your beliefs - just because those beliefs tell you not to (rather, they encourage you to "have faith" - you must just believe).
That kind of view, I suggest, is a hallmark of cults - and of a rather insidious sort of mind-control. I am sure you will recognise that any, say, New Age cultist who agreed to turn their critical faculties off when it comes to the beliefs of the cult has fallen into an intellectual black hole, right?
But that puts you in one too, right? Perhaps you will agree.
Question is, why do you suppose I am also in such an intellectual black hole? After all, I am not the one sealing off a particular set of beliefs and insisting they not be assessed for truth in this way (just because they tell me not to!) am I? Hey, I even subject my reliance on reason to critical scrutiny!
[quoting Stephen] Many religions, cults, etc. are designed - or, more accurately, have evolved - to be intellectual black holes. They encourage self-sealing patterns of thought which effectively lock you inside. Get sucked in, it's almost impossible to reason your way out again.
If what I'm saying is true -- that the worldview (intellectual humanism or whatever) in which you are operating is a religion/cult/philosophical-system -- then you, by your own definition, are in an intellectual black hole. You have a self-sealing pattern of thought which locks you in. You can't see that what I'm saying is true, just like I can't see that what you are saying is true. You are a true believer.
To answer your question, religion can be defined as "a pursuit or interest to which someone ascribes supreme importance", which doesn't necessarily mean "worship" in the liturgical sense. And it seems to me that you ascribe supreme importance to logic and reasonableness. For better or worse, I would say that I use reason and logic as a tool (though perhaps I don't use it well!), but I ascribe supreme importance only to God/Jesus. I think Rev. Dr. Incitatus got the point I was trying to make in his post on your page.
I get the sense that our dialogue is coming to a close. Thank you again for being so generous with your time. I hope that my perspective has given you blog fodder or arguments for your book if nothing else. I really do appreciate your thoughts and have already ordered one of your books.
--jamie
Stephen now quickly responds:
Jamie, I don't say reason is of supreme importance. I think it very important, but other things are at least as important, such as compassion, morality, etc. etc.
So, even by your revised definition, reason is still not my religion. Nice try though!
As for your suggestion that I am the one in the intellectual black hole (which I sort of predicted you'd say, of course), well, let's go step at a time.
We both agree that reason is important (if not of supreme importance) and agree it is a very useful tool for getting at the truth, right?
Yet you insist on not applying reason to a specific subset of your beliefs - just because those beliefs tell you not to (rather, they encourage you to "have faith" - you must just believe).
That kind of view, I suggest, is a hallmark of cults - and of a rather insidious sort of mind-control. I am sure you will recognise that any, say, New Age cultist who agreed to turn their critical faculties off when it comes to the beliefs of the cult has fallen into an intellectual black hole, right?
But that puts you in one too, right? Perhaps you will agree.
Question is, why do you suppose I am also in such an intellectual black hole? After all, I am not the one sealing off a particular set of beliefs and insisting they not be assessed for truth in this way (just because they tell me not to!) am I? Hey, I even subject my reliance on reason to critical scrutiny!
Comments
So I'd say it's totally untrue to say that we're locked into the view that there is no God. We hold that view because that is what all the available evidence (or lack thereof) points to.
I'd also disagree with your definition of religion. Looking after my children is of supreme importance to me - that does not classify it as a religion (and if it does I want tax-free status! ;) ). If you say you ascribe supreme importance only to God/Jesus then I can only assume you have no children yet.
From the atheist side I'd say there are plenty of responses left to give.
Christianity is a religion just as Modified Newtonian Dynamics is a theory in physics.
You say: "To answer your question, religion can be defined as "a pursuit or interest to which someone ascribes supreme importance", which doesn't necessarily mean "worship" in the liturgical sense. And it seems to me that you ascribe supreme importance to logic and reasonableness. For better or worse, I would say that I use reason and logic as a tool (though perhaps I don't use it well!), but I ascribe supreme importance only to God/Jesus. I think Rev. Dr. Incitatus got the point I was trying to make in his post on your page."
I think a more careful reading of the post by Stephen that you quote would show that the proper analogy is:
Faith is to God as reason is to Truth
If you want to argue that Stephen is in fact caught up in his own religion, then by his arguments it seems that the 'supreme importance' slot is clearly held by Truth (or maybe Knowledge of the Truth?) and reason is a tool to get there.
Thanks for your time.
It constantly crops up here, and on other threads, as a Humpty Dumpty word meaning whatever the user has in mind without making their favoured meaning explicit.
I find myself constantly asking, with Pontius Pilate, "what is truth?"
Both Stephen and Jamie mean the everyday, ordinary meaning of the terms.
When a man asks his wife "Is it true? Have you been cheating on me?" everone understands what he means by "true".
It makes no more sense for us to demand a definition of "truth" in this context than for the wife above. Lets not be sidetracked by pedantries.
So my question is what do you hold to be supremely important? What is the thing against which all of your ideas are filtered? I postulate that it is reason.
Emile and Anticant postulate that it is truth, I think. But I'd say that you would even subject truth claims to reason, again making reason more important.
So if reason if even more important than truth then reason is your god. And if reason is a god, then why isn't that a religion?
My head hurts from thinking. I got the impression from Stephen's posts and others too that all had been said. I'm happy to continue the discussions...
On that score, reason is going home with the trophy every time, isn't it?
The definition of religion simply presents another set of perambulatory goal posts, imho.
1 thing- Why do you assume that Stephen puts reason above all other things? I mean, he probably doesn't put it above human life, etc etc. But I suppose whatever he would say he puts it below, you would argue that he came to such a conclusion through reason. So that is clearly a silly theory, as it seems to be irrefutable :S.
2- Why is something which is more "important" necessarily a religion?
3- I've never heard anyone define religion quite as you do. How odd. :S
4-I'd like to know how you measure this "importance"? Surely different kinds of things are important in different and incomparable ways?
5- WHAT IS A GOD?
I mean, is YOUR definition of a God right? Think of all the innumerable Gods in history. Gods, angels, demi-gods, saints... What about religions with many gods? Were they all equally important? Cos if they weren't, surely they don't count as gods?
How can you or I know what is or is not true? Obviously, human beings have an enormous capacity to fool themselves and others as to what is true. I may be fooling myself and you may be fooling yourself. So how can either of us know whether or not we are fooling ourselves? Our only mechanism to evaluate whether something is true or not (and this of course comes with a degree of certainty) is by recourse to reason, i.e., evidence and critical thinking. This does not mean reason (or reasons) is "my god". Rather, it just means that I appreciate this is the mechanism or process by which we as human beings can evaluate whether our views have any substance. We all do this -- to varying extents -- in our normal, everyday lives.
Though to be fair, they did bring up his website first...
It seems to me that anyone more or less would say that reason is quite reasonable. You yourself said you use reason as a tool. So what are you disputing? The amount of importance in which Stephen may apparently or allegedly place in reason? I mean, is there a limit? :S Such things can't really be judged, can they? :S
We all use reason every day. We need it; it is a real thing. I don't get the point you're trying to make. Like tha other guy pointed out, it seems pretty redundant seeing as even if it were up against religion (God forbid!) it'd clearly go "home with the trophy every time".
Weird. He's still peddling the same old crap, despite it having been very patiently and carefully taken apart and revealed to be baloney. I was hoping for more...
If it were true that everyone understands what other people mean by the terms they use, there would be no point in these debates.
my question for you would be, (the objective validity of religion aside), does religion work? Beyond the threat of hell and the "gift" of heaven, is religion useful?
My thinking is that, it's not so much the case that Reason is necessarily true, but that it works. Surely some people have a certain faith and dogmatic view of reason, and I can see how in this way it fills the role as God (in one's opinion anyway). However, one does not believe as such due to a consequence that would be received if you didn’t, (as in going to hell).
So tell me Jamie:
I understand that one may avoid speeding for the sake of the ticket, but the real reason for avoiding speeding has nothing to do with punishment and everything to do with safety. Following that, aside from avoiding punishment, what practical reason is there for believing in God? Does religion do something for humanity that we cannot do for ourselves without it?
Personally I'm not so concerned about whether or not religion and religious language speaks objective truth; my question is, what does it do? What advantage does it give us?
My point with figuring out if reason was a religion is that it would then fall into the same IBH.
I think that may be what Stephen was calling "going nuclear". I was just trying to level the playing field. If he is saying that he is objective because he's not in an IBH and that my claims are "silly" because I'm in an IBH then that doesn't seem equal.
You say: Stephen: The examples you list (compassion, morality) would be subject to your continuum of reasonableness, correct? Therefore, reason is more important because it is the standard by which you judge. For ex., if you did not think a moral choice was reasonable you probably wouldn't make that choice.
My reply. Yes morality is subject to reason, but that doesn't make reason supreme. Unlike Kant, I don't think reason can ultimately underpin or justify morality. Reason can reveal e.g. contradictions in our moral beliefs etc. It can also reveal unacknowledged consequences of our moral beliefs. But it cannot conjure up our basic moral principles in the first place. They are primary. Reason necessarily plays a secondary role. So no, I don't consider reason of supreme importance.
You then say:
Emile and Anticant postulate that [my supreme value] is truth, I think. But I'd say that you would even subject truth claims to reason, again making reason more important.
So if reason if even more important than truth then reason is your god. And if reason is a god, then why isn't that a religion?
My response. As I say, reason is not of *supreme* importance to me. I have already illustrated that. Yes I apply reason - but why? Only because I believe it is our best route to the truth. So it turns out I value reason only because I value truth. So that makes truth a higher value for me.
See - reason is neither my God nor my religion. It's just that I, like you, think it very important, and rely on it constantly so far as trying to find out what's true is concerned.
You do too. You will even use it to support your religious beliefs if you think it can. But the minute reason looks like threatening your religious beliefs, well then, in effect, you stick your fingers in your ears and go "Nope, I am not listening - you can't trust reason - it's just another faith position!"
Of course anyone can do that, to defend any belief, no matter how nuts it is.
If I did it to defend belief in fairies, you'd think I was a nutter.
So why do you make it here? It's utterly mystifying.
I understand that one may avoid speeding for the sake of the ticket, but the real reason for avoiding speeding has nothing to do with punishment and everything to do with safety."
The Christian's reason for not speeding is neither of those. The Christian's reason probably won't make sense without a whole other thread.
The Bible says to obey the law of the land. And if God said it then the believer is obligated to do it.
no I am not saying religion is by definition an intellectual black hole. Some religious people do use reason and consider the arguments for and against, and think that reason supports what they belief. I have no particular problem with that (other, of course, than that I think they are mistaken.
It's the playing of the "but reason is a faith position too!" card that I object to. That's just "going nuclear" (see link to "going nuclear" on my sidebar).
You highlight a prime example of where blind faith in scripture becomes somewhat problematic when it comes to our moral obligations.
Never mind that, "Render unto Caesar what is Caesar's" is a suspiciously pro-Roman sentiment for a group originating among dissident Jews living under an unpopular Roman occupation (every religion must sacrifice a little of its narrative for survival, I suppose; natural selection favours flexibility and adaptation after all). But this sentiment also plays right into my accusation that faith can, more often than not, provide the perfect conduit for tyranny. "Your God said obey The Man, so shut up and hand over your women and your coin!".
At least the Christian Abolitionists were enlightened enough to see this interpolated piece of imperial-appeasing nonsense for what it was: a white card for oppressive regimes to do what the hell they want.
Surely that doesn't make them gods or fatherhood a religion?
I'm glad you are trying to define religion and work out exactly what it entails - I think that is an extremely important process - but I think your current definition is seriously flawed.
Stephen said,
"I don't think reason can ultimately underpin or justify morality."
This is a subject I'm very much interested in. Have you already posted on it (I had a quick skim through your archives, but there's a lot there)? If not, do you plan to in the future?
So those Germans who obeyed Nazi laws and manned the gas chambers were right to do so as long as it was the law of the land?
And Christian doctors should assist in legal abortions despite their having conscientious objections to dong that?
And Christian doctors should assist in legal abortions despite their having conscientious objections to dong that?"
Now who's not using reason? It would be an unthinking person indeed who did this.
Rev. Dr. Incitatus "But this sentiment also plays right into my accusation that faith can, more often than not, provide the perfect conduit for tyranny."
Yes, it does -- and historically the visible church has given us tons of examples. But then, so have secular governments.
"Yes, it does -- and historically the visible church has given us tons of examples. But then, so have secular governments."
So you would agree that reason is a good antidote for tyrants then, secular or otherwise? After all, there is nothing remotely rational about any of the ideologies responsible for the horrors of the last few millennia.
Stephen,
"Hello Dr Rev I - I might change my mind on this. But that's my view currently. I devoted a chpt of The War For Children's Minds to the topic."
Cheers. I might just boost your book up my Amazon wishlist a little way just for that. My mind's not made up either, but I'm erring towards the argument from natural selection that reason and morality are intrinsically linked. Even though I agree with Hume's thesis that much of our moral code is instinctive, I think the instinct is merely a collection of short cuts for achieving the same ends that would be reached by reasoning along the lines of pragmatism and survival. Thus, altruism is partly instinctive, but it serves a deeply rational purpose inre survival.
Let's say I find Emma Watson hot. Another man finds her to be ugly. We can't both be right, so we use Reason to filter the truth. Well, that leads us to two distinct truths because, rationally, she is a healthy female of child bearing years and we both therefore should fine her attractive, yet my friend does not. Hence, what is the truth?
If you say "we are both right," then you are conceding that reason has limits...yet you also said that you use reason in all things and never turn it off as a filter. If your filter of reason is never turned off, then how would you rationally approach the question of the hotness of Emma Watson?
Reason is very much like a religion: it is a lens with which to view the world, it has obvious shortcomings, it is the basis for wars (as Dostoevsky explains) it is used to control people, etc etc.
Now, do we apply reason to everything in our lives? No. Rationally, I should have some mackerel(excellent source of B12) some carrots (antioxidants) and wheat germ (fiber) for dinner. But all those things make me vomit and hence I do the irrational thing and have an absolutely fatty, nutritionally insufficient New York style pizza. I just turned off reason...and my life was better for it.
Every single human being on Earth selectively turns off reason. To do otherwise would be to become a robot. Just as I turn off my reason to say Emma Watson is hot and I'd rather have pizza for dinner then mackerel, I could turn off my reason to say God indeed does exist. No evidence for God, but then again I have no evidence for the deliciousness of New York style pizza or the hotness of Emma Watson. Should I abandon those beliefs as well?
Reason is a religion that is less honest about its nature than other faiths. Christians (intelligent ones at least) understand that they have faith and no basis to believe what they do save faith. They actually examine that. Rationalist say they use reason at all times, yet they clearly don't (they laugh at comedies, they find some people hot and others ugly, they prefer one kind of food over another etc) while still insisting they are rational.
It is absolutely arbitrary to suspend reason enough to enjoy seeing leaked pictures of Emma Watson on a beach in Ibiza wearing a thong or enjoy pizza over mackerel, while at the same time taking issue with people suspending reason to believe in God.